January Is Firefighter Cancer Awareness Month: Understanding the Hidden Risks Firefighters Face
January is recognized nationwide as Firefighter Cancer Awareness Month—a time dedicated to honoring firefighters and shedding light on a sobering reality of the profession: firefighters face a significantly increased risk of developing cancer due to repeated exposure to toxic substances in the line of duty.
At Madeksho Law, we represent individuals and families harmed by asbestos and other toxic exposures. Firefighters are among those most vulnerable to these dangers, often without their knowledge or consent.
Why Firefighters Face Elevated Cancer Risks
Firefighters encounter far more than flames and smoke. Modern fires burn synthetic materials, plastics, electronics, furniture, and construction products that release a complex mixture of carcinogens when ignited. These exposures can occur during active firefighting, overhaul, equipment cleanup, and even back at the fire station.
Research and advocacy organizations such as the Firefighter Cancer Support Network have worked to raise awareness of how these occupational hazards contribute to higher cancer rates among firefighters compared to the general population.
Known Carcinogens in the Firefighting Environment
Firefighters are routinely exposed to substances classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as Group 1 carcinogens, meaning there is sufficient evidence they cause cancer in humans. These exposures include:
- Asbestos – Historically used in fireproofing and insulation, particularly in buildings constructed before the late 1980s. Linked to mesothelioma, lung cancer, and cancers of the digestive and reproductive systems.
- Benzene – Found in smoke, vehicle exhaust, and burning plastics; associated with leukemia, lymphoma, and lung cancer.
- Formaldehyde – Released from burning furniture, pressed wood, and consumer products; linked to leukemia and cancers of the respiratory tract.
- Diesel exhaust – Common in fire stations and apparatus bays; associated with lung and bladder cancer.
- PFAS (including AFFF firefighting foam) – Used in some firefighting foams and protective gear; associated with kidney, prostate, testicular, and other cancers.
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – Produced during incomplete combustion and absorbed through skin and inhalation; linked to lung, bladder, and skin cancers.
These chemicals do not simply disappear after a fire is extinguished. They can cling to turnout gear, skin, and equipment—continuing exposure long after the scene is cleared.
Cancer Is Often a Delayed Consequence
One of the most troubling aspects of toxic exposure is latency. Diseases linked to asbestos and chemical exposure may take decades to develop. Many firefighters are diagnosed years after retirement, making it difficult to immediately connect cancer to occupational exposure.
This delayed onset is a defining feature of asbestos-related illnesses, including mesothelioma and asbestos-related lung cancer—conditions Madeksho Law has focused on for decades.
Awareness, Prevention, and Accountability
Firefighter Cancer Awareness Month is not only about education—it’s about action. Improved decontamination practices, updated gear standards, and reduced use of toxic materials can help lower future risk. Equally important is recognizing when cancer may be work-related and ensuring affected firefighters and their families understand their rights.
When exposure occurs because dangerous materials were manufactured, used, or concealed without proper warnings, accountability matters.
Standing With Firefighters and Their Families
Firefighters dedicate their lives to protecting others. January is a time to acknowledge the unseen risks they face and to support ongoing efforts to reduce occupational cancer.
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with cancer after years of firefighting or other toxic exposure, understanding the cause matters—not only for medical care, but for protecting your family’s future.
Madeksho Law remains committed to advocating for those harmed by asbestos and toxic substances, and to honoring the service and sacrifice of firefighters nationwide. If you or a loved one has questions or has been affected, call us at 888-910-6376.
